Menjembatani kebijakan dan praktik: tinjauan sistematis kesenjangan penelitian TVET menuju pembangunan berkelanjutan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.66599/wp.v1i1.26Abstract
Purpose: Penelitian ini bertujuan mensintesis tantangan sistemik sektor TVET global (2021–2025) guna mengatasi masalah ketidakselarasan perumusan-implementasi kebijakan, kesetaraan gender bidang teknik, dan keterserapan lulusan di dunia kerja. Method: Metode yang digunakan adalah tinjauan sistematis menggunakan instrumen analisis kesenjangan tematik. Subjek penelitian mencakup 11 studi empiris-konseptual terbaru yang melibatkan 18 negara, termasuk perencanaan tenaga kerja hidrogen di 13 negara, tata kelola di Ethiopia dan Afrika Selatan, mobilitas regional di Italia, serta evaluasi program di Malaysia dan Tiongkok. Findings: Hasil menunjukkan adanya 7 kekosongan penelitian sistemik: inkonsistensi implementasi kebijakan, ketiadaan operasionalisasi kerangka transisi adil/Ubuntu, minimnya penelitian interseksional kelompok terpinggirkan, lemahnya kaitan mobilitas-pengurasan SDM, rendahnya integrasi STEM, ketidakjelasan kualitas kemitraan industri, dan dominasi metodologi cross-sectional sampel kecil. Practical implications: Temuan ini memberikan panduan taktis bagi pembuat kebijakan dan praktisi untuk mereformasi kurikulum berbasis keterampilan masa depan serta menyusun evaluasi program TVET yang inklusif. Originality: Studi ini memberikan kebaruan berupa pemetaan komprehensif lintas benua mengenai kesenjangan riset TVET pada era transisi hijau dan transformasi digital.
Purpose: This study aims to synthesize systemic challenges within the global TVET sector (2021–2025) to address policy formulation-implementation misalignment, gender equality in engineering, and graduate employability. Method: This systematic review utilizes a thematic gap analysis instrument. The research subjects comprise 11 recent empirical-conceptual studies spanning 18 nations, including a 13-country hydrogen workforce plan, governance in Ethiopia and South Africa, regional mobility in Italy, and program evaluations in Malaysia and China. Findings: The analysis identifies 7 systemic research gaps: policy implementation inconsistencies, lack of operationalized just transition/Ubuntu frameworks, insufficient intersectional research on marginalized groups, unexplored mobility-brain drain dynamics, weak STEM integration, ambiguous industry engagement quality, and a dominance of small-sample cross-sectional methodologies. Practical implications: These findings provide strategic benchmarks for policymakers and practitioners to reform future-skills-based curricula and design inclusive TVET program evaluations. Originality: This study offers novelty through the first comprehensive, cross-continental mapping of TVET research gaps during green and digital transformations.
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